Sacred psychiatry in ancient Greece

Georgios Tzeferakos and Athanasios Douzenis

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Abstract
From the ancient times, there are three basic approaches for the interpretation of the different psychic phenomena:
the organic, the psychological, and the sacred approach. The sacred approach forms the primordial foundation for
any psychopathological development, innate to the prelogical human mind. Until the second millennium B.C., the Great
Mother ruled the Universe and shamans cured the different mental disorders. But, around 1500 B.C., the predominance
of the Hellenic civilization over the Pelasgic brought great changes in the theological and psychopathological fields.
The Hellenes eliminated the cult of the Great Mother and worshiped Dias, a male deity, the father of gods and humans.
With the Father’s help and divinatory powers, the warrior