Report on a Survey of Coastal Makua Dialects

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Oliver Kröger
SIL International
2005

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γλωσσική μελέτη για τη διάλεκτο των Μακούα (Μοζαμβίκη)
Abstract
Makua refers to a group of Bantu (P.30) languages and dialects spoken in Mozambique and Tanzania. The purpose of the survey presented in this report was to gather linguistic and sociolinguistic data from 5 Makua varieties spoken along the coast.
How closely related are these varieties to central Makua, the variety considered the reference dialect? In order to answer this question, I used three classic survey methods recommended by Bergman (ed. 1990), namely lexicostatistics, Recorded Text Testing and sociolinguistic interview. As a result, Emoniga clearly emerged as the variety most distinct from central Makua, with the other southern dialect Emarevone and a central one—Enaharra—closely behind. But are they dialects or languages? In an attempt to
answer this question, I developed a “continuum of relative autonomy,” which shows how different the respective varieties are from central Makua. This continuum is then used as a grid in discussing the status of the varieties of Makua and their potential for language development.

Contents
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Methodology and definitions
2.1. Lexicostatistics and lexical similarity
2.2. Sociolinguistic interview
2.3. Recorded Text Testing
3. Results
3.1. Enahara
3.1.1. Lexicostatistics
3.1.2. Sociolinguistic interviews
3.1.3. Comprehension testing
3.2. Enlai and Empamela
3.2.1. Lexicostatistics
3.2.2. Sociolinguistic interviews
3.2.3. Comprehension testing
3.3. Emarevone
3.3.1. Lexicostatistics
3.3.2. Sociolinguistic interviews
3.3.3. Comprehension testing
3.4. Emoniga
3.4.1. Lexicostatistics
3.4.2. Sociolinguistic interviews
3.4.3. Comprehension testing
3.5. Other coastal varieties
3.5.1. Enyara
3.5.2. Emwaja
3.5.3. Esaka and Erati
4. Conclusions
4.1. Do the speakers understand the central dialect?
4.2. Do the speakers exclusively use their own variety?
4.3.What is the attitude of speakers towards their own variety?
4.4. Summary of results
4.5. Some comments on the interview results
4.6. Implications for language development
4.7. Makua dialects in the Ethnologue
4.8. Future research
24grammata.com – free e book (κατηγορία: επιστημονικές μελέτες)
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