ELEUTHERÍA E THÁNATOS! (freedom or death)

MICHAŁ BZINKOWSKI

ELEUTHERÍA E THÁNATOS!
THE IDEA OF FREEDOM IN MODERN GREEK POETRY DURING THE WAR OF INDEPENDENCE IN 19TH CENTURY.
DIONYSIOS SOLOMOS’ “HYMN TO LIBERTY”

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Travelers who had the opportunity to visit Greece in years 1780–1810 did not notice any signs of arousing of the spirit of the nation being for almost 400 years under Turkish domination2. Interesting in this matter is the testimony of a well known French writer of that time Chateaubriand who, visiting Greece in 1807, wrote in his Itinéraire de Paris à Jerusalem such remark: Je crains bien que les Grecs ne soient pas sitôt disposes à romper leurs chaînes;
quand ils seront débarassés de la tyranie qui les opresse, ils ne perdront pas en un instant la marque de leurs fers3. Whatever might have been the impression of him and other travelers, in fact together with the development of education in the last decades of 18-th century increasingly grew also the national orientation towards unity and liberation from Turkish occupation4.

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